According to Piaget, Tim’s experience of touching the oven and learning it is unsafe is an example of what concept?

The situation described illustrates the concept of negative reinforcement effectively. In this context, Tim touches the oven and experiences a painful or undesirable outcome, which reinforces the avoidance of that particular behavior in the future. Negative reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the removal of an aversive condition, thereby increasing the likelihood of that behavior being avoided in the future.

While positive reinforcement involves the addition of a desirable stimulus to encourage a behavior, Tim's learning occurs through the removal of a negative experience; hence this is not applicable. Operant conditioning encompasses broader principles of learning through consequences, but it doesn’t pinpoint the specifics of how Tim's experience reinforces avoidance behavior as precisely as negative reinforcement does. Lastly, a conditioned response typically refers to a learned reaction to a previously neutral stimulus due to association, which does not directly apply to Tim's immediate experience with the oven.