Chomsky's theory of language development particularly emphasizes the role of what?

Chomsky's theory of language development emphasizes the role of biological mechanisms, particularly through the concept of an innate language faculty or Universal Grammar. According to Chomsky, humans are born with an inherent ability to acquire language, suggesting that the capacity for language is a natural part of human biology. This perspective posits that while environmental factors, such as exposure to language, play a role, the fundamental ability to learn language is hardwired into the brain.

Chomsky argued against behaviorist theories that equate language learning primarily with imitation and reinforcement. Instead, he maintained that children possess a deep-seated knowledge of linguistic structures that allows them to understand and produce language even with limited exposure. This innate capacity distinguishes humans from other species and is crucial for language acquisition during the sensitive periods of childhood development. Thus, the focus on biological mechanisms underscores the belief that the potential for language is a fundamental aspect of human nature.